Saturday, November 04, 2006
Friday, November 03, 2006
Wednesday, November 01, 2006
Opening of ageing helping home.
The Aged Helping Group
Kamal Vinayak, Bhaktapur-4
Tel: - 2094107
Est.: 2052
Date:2062/9/10
Sub: Opening of ageing helping home.
We are proud to inform that ‘the aged helping group’ has recently opened an ageing helping home to support those living aged life after completing their service to the nation and society.
Feeling the sentimental of the old aged people; being lonely at home in absence of the family members who go tot out for work and education; we have initiated to support them. Aur aged helping home is located at kamal vinayak with all required facilities to entertain and activate old minds. So the interested one are requested to contact us.
Balaram prajapati
President
The Aged Helping Group.
Kamal Vinayak, Bhaktapur-4
Tel: - 2094107
Est.: 2052
Date:2062/9/10
Sub: Opening of ageing helping home.
We are proud to inform that ‘the aged helping group’ has recently opened an ageing helping home to support those living aged life after completing their service to the nation and society.
Feeling the sentimental of the old aged people; being lonely at home in absence of the family members who go tot out for work and education; we have initiated to support them. Aur aged helping home is located at kamal vinayak with all required facilities to entertain and activate old minds. So the interested one are requested to contact us.
Balaram prajapati
President
The Aged Helping Group.
“Discuss and distinguish copy editing, rewriting, and proof reading in the news operation.”
The whole process under gone to produce news story to be read or listened or viewed by the audiences is news –operation. It is also called journalistic process. In the journalistic process the reporter, editors and other employees of a media house under go various processes: reporting, copy editing, design, and final editing.
In reporting the reporters gathers and writes the news. While gathering the news the reporter approaches the source make observation takes notes inquires verifies in formation investigates processes information and analyses and interpret the information. Then the reporter writes the news in proper format it suits. Then the news story goes to the desk where the copy editors make the corrections on the language, facts mentioned in the story the editing process also checks if the story intrudes existing laws. The editing process also incorporates the rewriting and ate proof reading process.
Copy editor checks the content as well as the form of the news presented by the reporter, he corrects if he traces out any faults found language. If there is some ambiguity in the content he can consult the references or even call the reporter for the accuracy. If any thing mistake is found in the content he is expected to make correction. Indeed the reporter does filters the news content whether the story fits the audience s or not/ if the story posses and negative effects or not? Editing is must. The reporter, having direct contact with the persons involved in the events or incidents is highly prone to prejudices. The happening might manipulate their mind to become bias by what they see and listen. So the copyeditors edits for the impartiality too. The editor also check s if the story encroaches the existing legal boundaries. The copy editors checks if the story is subjected to libel, if it is doi8ng any kind of contempt of court or if the news is revealing the secret security issue. If the story intrudes the prevalent laws then the story is remade by the copy editor. The copy editor also changes the forms to suit the new if the form provided by the reporter is awfully undeserving to the story.
The rewriting of the news may be done after the copy editing if there is adequate time then is is better to do the rewriting for the unnoticed faults can be traced out. But as journalism is literature in hurry to believe Andrew Marvell, it is rarely possible to do again and again. Actually the preson who writes the news on the basis of facts provided by the leg reporters used to be called the rewrite man. But in the present context the re write man remake the story that has to be re-formed.
Proof reading is done after the completion of copyediting. It is done to check whether the computer typed paper correspond the edited copy by the copy editor. He only edits the computer typed paper to make it correspond the edited copy by the copy editor.
Copy editor can change the form as well as the content of the news story but the proof reader cant change the form and content of the story. He is not expected to do that even he finds any mistakes then he first has to consult the copy editor and then only he can make changes in the mistakes traced out. The rewrite man rewrites the news after the completion of the copy editing or proof reading and also writes the news brought by the leg reporter.
In reporting the reporters gathers and writes the news. While gathering the news the reporter approaches the source make observation takes notes inquires verifies in formation investigates processes information and analyses and interpret the information. Then the reporter writes the news in proper format it suits. Then the news story goes to the desk where the copy editors make the corrections on the language, facts mentioned in the story the editing process also checks if the story intrudes existing laws. The editing process also incorporates the rewriting and ate proof reading process.
Copy editor checks the content as well as the form of the news presented by the reporter, he corrects if he traces out any faults found language. If there is some ambiguity in the content he can consult the references or even call the reporter for the accuracy. If any thing mistake is found in the content he is expected to make correction. Indeed the reporter does filters the news content whether the story fits the audience s or not/ if the story posses and negative effects or not? Editing is must. The reporter, having direct contact with the persons involved in the events or incidents is highly prone to prejudices. The happening might manipulate their mind to become bias by what they see and listen. So the copyeditors edits for the impartiality too. The editor also check s if the story encroaches the existing legal boundaries. The copy editors checks if the story is subjected to libel, if it is doi8ng any kind of contempt of court or if the news is revealing the secret security issue. If the story intrudes the prevalent laws then the story is remade by the copy editor. The copy editor also changes the forms to suit the new if the form provided by the reporter is awfully undeserving to the story.
The rewriting of the news may be done after the copy editing if there is adequate time then is is better to do the rewriting for the unnoticed faults can be traced out. But as journalism is literature in hurry to believe Andrew Marvell, it is rarely possible to do again and again. Actually the preson who writes the news on the basis of facts provided by the leg reporters used to be called the rewrite man. But in the present context the re write man remake the story that has to be re-formed.
Proof reading is done after the completion of copyediting. It is done to check whether the computer typed paper correspond the edited copy by the copy editor. He only edits the computer typed paper to make it correspond the edited copy by the copy editor.
Copy editor can change the form as well as the content of the news story but the proof reader cant change the form and content of the story. He is not expected to do that even he finds any mistakes then he first has to consult the copy editor and then only he can make changes in the mistakes traced out. The rewrite man rewrites the news after the completion of the copy editing or proof reading and also writes the news brought by the leg reporter.
PageLayout
The physical appearance of the news is lay out. Lay out includes the arrangement of type and art. How the paper is displayed amongst the audience, which is lay out. Layout and make up are synonymous words. After make up is completed the lay out is prepared.
There are various elements they are used in make up of the news paper. Magazine as well as book, the lay our designer can use the type; he can employ its size and grade to emphasize the news. Lines can be used for highlighting the news story; various colors to make the news piece attractive. Well combination of the text picture and the space can in hence the look of the paper leading to attract the attention of the public to become its audience.
Basically one can argue to nominalise the importance of designing of the paper and ask for improvements on the content and form of news alone. Bur how a reader can notice the well concluded first class news unless proper designing of the paper is done? It makes the reader harder to track down the news in paper. It may be the collection of alphabets and pictures without any sense. There are very few number of readers who ferrets down into the news paper to acquire the designated news story nut most often the reader reads the piece after they get it noticed. So the news story should be arranged properly according to their news value as the accepted fact the magazines and papers can influence its readers thus the arrangement of the news can pose upon the mind of the readers the value of the news.
Let’s presume a paper has to present a human right violence by a security person in a particular village to poor people in a rural area. Of course the news story is of significant news value but it is not possible to present as banner news. It has to be conveyed up to general public with importance and that should be accomplished with in the particular limit. Here the designer can play great role in presenting the news in box; the news may be enclosed by a thick line; the designer may again emphasis the news providing it with light black background he can also use a different type or italicize the font to make it noticed.
So the lay out and page makeup has a big thing to do with the journalism.
There are various elements they are used in make up of the news paper. Magazine as well as book, the lay our designer can use the type; he can employ its size and grade to emphasize the news. Lines can be used for highlighting the news story; various colors to make the news piece attractive. Well combination of the text picture and the space can in hence the look of the paper leading to attract the attention of the public to become its audience.
Basically one can argue to nominalise the importance of designing of the paper and ask for improvements on the content and form of news alone. Bur how a reader can notice the well concluded first class news unless proper designing of the paper is done? It makes the reader harder to track down the news in paper. It may be the collection of alphabets and pictures without any sense. There are very few number of readers who ferrets down into the news paper to acquire the designated news story nut most often the reader reads the piece after they get it noticed. So the news story should be arranged properly according to their news value as the accepted fact the magazines and papers can influence its readers thus the arrangement of the news can pose upon the mind of the readers the value of the news.
Let’s presume a paper has to present a human right violence by a security person in a particular village to poor people in a rural area. Of course the news story is of significant news value but it is not possible to present as banner news. It has to be conveyed up to general public with importance and that should be accomplished with in the particular limit. Here the designer can play great role in presenting the news in box; the news may be enclosed by a thick line; the designer may again emphasis the news providing it with light black background he can also use a different type or italicize the font to make it noticed.
So the lay out and page makeup has a big thing to do with the journalism.
Development journalism
We understand journalism as the collection and dissemination of ‘news’. By ‘news’ we mean the thing that appeals the people, affects the people and is important to the people. This definition of journalism is termed as the conventional journalism by those who focus on the development factor of the human aspect. They argue communication as the total whole of sharing of information so that the whole human kind can transform themselves to more advance state than they are at the present.
In the developed countries the practice of journalism seems and is to aware the public about political issue . This is relevant to them for they have achieved advanced technologies to support their daily life activities and have maintained good standard of life. But that practice of journalism dies not seem fit in those under developed countries who have to do a lot on the field of socio-economic transformation of the society. It is important to give political awareness to the people too, but shouldn’t overlook the geographical facts. It becomes ridiculous if one speaks meticulous aspects of complicated policies if one is unaware about the importance of washing hands before and after having meal.
So, realizing the influence and capacity of the mass communication, the development experts especially in the Asian region started to speak about development journalism in 1980s. They said mass media should be employed to change the society, socio-economically as well.
Different form the conventional reporting, development journalism have different characteristics of reporting. Conventionally there was a concept that ‘bad news is good news’ but this new innovation suggested to report about the progressing aspects of the human beings too, which will in place of frustration will help emerge a light of hope amongst the readers.
The development journalism has no dead line as in the conventional journalism. It shouldn’t be the recent fact so that it becomes news. The development effort made by the group of people can be the news even if that is some days old story. No such urgency is required.
It is not the reporting of long tirades of the political leaders but should be based on the vast research. The reporter should reach the community which has initiated the development to report the happening and talk to the people involved. So it is also a type of investigative reporting. If any programs to be launched then the reporter shouldn’t skip any facets. He has to analyze all the possible impacts upon the targeted locals.
Traditional journalism reports the events what happened at a particular time, but the development journalism is the reporting of process. It reports the whole process of development from the situation before development of the advanced progress of people after the development
In the developed countries the practice of journalism seems and is to aware the public about political issue . This is relevant to them for they have achieved advanced technologies to support their daily life activities and have maintained good standard of life. But that practice of journalism dies not seem fit in those under developed countries who have to do a lot on the field of socio-economic transformation of the society. It is important to give political awareness to the people too, but shouldn’t overlook the geographical facts. It becomes ridiculous if one speaks meticulous aspects of complicated policies if one is unaware about the importance of washing hands before and after having meal.
So, realizing the influence and capacity of the mass communication, the development experts especially in the Asian region started to speak about development journalism in 1980s. They said mass media should be employed to change the society, socio-economically as well.
Different form the conventional reporting, development journalism have different characteristics of reporting. Conventionally there was a concept that ‘bad news is good news’ but this new innovation suggested to report about the progressing aspects of the human beings too, which will in place of frustration will help emerge a light of hope amongst the readers.
The development journalism has no dead line as in the conventional journalism. It shouldn’t be the recent fact so that it becomes news. The development effort made by the group of people can be the news even if that is some days old story. No such urgency is required.
It is not the reporting of long tirades of the political leaders but should be based on the vast research. The reporter should reach the community which has initiated the development to report the happening and talk to the people involved. So it is also a type of investigative reporting. If any programs to be launched then the reporter shouldn’t skip any facets. He has to analyze all the possible impacts upon the targeted locals.
Traditional journalism reports the events what happened at a particular time, but the development journalism is the reporting of process. It reports the whole process of development from the situation before development of the advanced progress of people after the development
“Communication and culture are closely related”
Communication is a social process in which the members of society share information. The process occurs in society. So definitely there are relations between communication and culture for culture is society’s inalienable element. Meanings of the symbols vary from culture to culture. And to communicate the communicator use symbol that is recognized for certain thing. E.g. almost every part of the world shakes head to deny but in Botswana certain tribesman shakes head to mean their acceptance.
Editorial Indipendence
In present context pluralism is widely accepted ideology. According to JS Mills there should be no restriction to any single person to express what one feels. He advocates on full freedom of speech. In many cases the thing acknowledged by the majority may not do welfare to the whole community. The expression of the minority may fit the solution of the problem. And another thing is that mere expression of the individual’s thought is not going to puss the cart, it is the action that roles and directs it. But is for sure that the expression of speech can help shape the action. And it is reliable that the cognitive human beings after having the audience of all the facets of the prevailing problem will more acurately decide for the good of society.
Here lies the root of press freedom, the freedom of expression. The freedom of information as a whole, is the modified form of freedom of speech, for it also includes the freedom of information of the general public who now is undoubtedly received as the source of state power theoretically.
But practically there are various hurdles for the press and do have certain responsibilities that restricts its total freedom. In many cases the government authority and press seems conflicting. The authority wants press to act as per its interest but the press, if we see its history find struggling to be independent from such restriction. Where the persons in the authority forget their source of power, the sovereignty of the people it is seen that there the authority presses the press. And in the opposite context where the freedom is given to the press, the authority committes various wrong doing but are letter corrected by court.
There would not be any impact upon the mass people by the speech of an individual but if it is covered by the mass media it certainly does. The degree may vary according to the situation. For this reason there should be self censorship within the press to exercise the freedom of the society. Its work is to smooth the unsmooth running society rather than distorting the trend of the smoothly running society.
These are the terms, conditions,and rules somehow establishing the freedom of press when we view the press as a unit in comparison to the other social units such as government, public organisation etc. As a part of society, as a unit of society now almost every people agrees on press freedom. But as an organisation its parts or the departments must have freedom to ensure the intended press freedom. If we view the press dissecting it to other sub units there again comes the issue of freedom under subjugation. Editor in context of newspaper should be given freedom to choose and give importance to particular news as the head of the news department in a media house.
Theoretically he had the total light over the newshole but is not happening in global context too. Here it is relevant to quote a quotation “who pays the piper tunes the pipe”. But the principle states all the responsibility of what appear in newspaper goes upon the editor so he should be superior in making decision what should appear in the paper and what should not. He should not be pressed from and by any other bodies within and outside the media house to shape the paper inclusive of the proprietor who owns the paper and may attempt to direct the paper for the economic benefit alone. This freedom of editor to deicide to shape the newspaper, to decide how as the radio-news should sound in news program and what the sound and the motion should be in television and news content in other form is widely known as editorial independence.
Here lies the root of press freedom, the freedom of expression. The freedom of information as a whole, is the modified form of freedom of speech, for it also includes the freedom of information of the general public who now is undoubtedly received as the source of state power theoretically.
But practically there are various hurdles for the press and do have certain responsibilities that restricts its total freedom. In many cases the government authority and press seems conflicting. The authority wants press to act as per its interest but the press, if we see its history find struggling to be independent from such restriction. Where the persons in the authority forget their source of power, the sovereignty of the people it is seen that there the authority presses the press. And in the opposite context where the freedom is given to the press, the authority committes various wrong doing but are letter corrected by court.
There would not be any impact upon the mass people by the speech of an individual but if it is covered by the mass media it certainly does. The degree may vary according to the situation. For this reason there should be self censorship within the press to exercise the freedom of the society. Its work is to smooth the unsmooth running society rather than distorting the trend of the smoothly running society.
These are the terms, conditions,and rules somehow establishing the freedom of press when we view the press as a unit in comparison to the other social units such as government, public organisation etc. As a part of society, as a unit of society now almost every people agrees on press freedom. But as an organisation its parts or the departments must have freedom to ensure the intended press freedom. If we view the press dissecting it to other sub units there again comes the issue of freedom under subjugation. Editor in context of newspaper should be given freedom to choose and give importance to particular news as the head of the news department in a media house.
Theoretically he had the total light over the newshole but is not happening in global context too. Here it is relevant to quote a quotation “who pays the piper tunes the pipe”. But the principle states all the responsibility of what appear in newspaper goes upon the editor so he should be superior in making decision what should appear in the paper and what should not. He should not be pressed from and by any other bodies within and outside the media house to shape the paper inclusive of the proprietor who owns the paper and may attempt to direct the paper for the economic benefit alone. This freedom of editor to deicide to shape the newspaper, to decide how as the radio-news should sound in news program and what the sound and the motion should be in television and news content in other form is widely known as editorial independence.
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